理士蓄電池具有自(zi)放電(dian)(dian)效應。從(cong)生產制造車(che)間到(dao)用戶使用，大約要延誤(wu)數月的(de)(de)時間。以PA-NASONIC蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)為例，在30℃的(de)(de)環境溫度下(xia)貯藏8個月，蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)殘存容量僅為出廠(chang)時的(de)(de)一半，因此對于(yu)新(xin)購(gou)買的(de)(de)與配套的(de)(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，一般要進(jin)行一次(ci)較長(chang)時間的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)，這叫做初(chu)充電(dian)(dian)。

理(li)士蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)初充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流大小(xiao)應按0.1C來充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池在放電(dian)(dian)(dian)終了(le)后可(ke)進行再(zai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，這(zhe)(zhe)叫正常充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。目前在UPS中普遍采(cai)用兩(liang)種充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)：浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)和脈充(chong)(chong)(chong)。所(suo)謂浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)是指整流器的(de)輸(shu)出與蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池并聯工作(zuo)，并同時(shi)向負載供電(dian)(dian)(dian)，實際上此(ci)時(shi)整流器提供的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流分(fen)兩(liang)路(lu)(lu)，一路(lu)(lu)送(song)給負載，另(ling)一路(lu)(lu)送(song)給蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池，以(yi)(yi)補充(chong)(chong)(chong)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池自身(shen)內部(bu)損耗，浮(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)工作(zuo)方(fang)式(shi)接(jie)線簡單，對改善UPS輸(shu)出瞬態響(xiang)應特(te)性有(you)好處。脈沖(chong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)特(te)點(dian)是充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流隨(sui)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池容量而變化，用這(zhe)(zhe)種方(fang)式(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)縮短(duan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間。 

1. 充電(dian)電(dian)壓 由(you)于UPS蓄(xu)電(dian)池屬于備(bei)用工作方式，市電(dian)正常(chang)情況(kuang)下處于充電(dian)狀態，只有停電(dian)時才會放電(dian)。

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為(wei)延長(chang)理(li)(li)士蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)使用(yong)壽(shou)命，UPS的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器一般采(cai)用(yong)恒壓(ya)限流的(de)方(fang)式控(kong)制，理(li)(li)士蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿后即轉(zhuan)為(wei)浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)狀(zhuang)態。對于端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)12V的(de)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池，正常的(de)浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在13.5~13.8V之(zhi)間。浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)過(guo)低，蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)不滿，浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)過(guo)高，會造成(cheng)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。當(dang)浮充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)超過(guo)14V時，即認為(wei)是(shi)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。嚴禁對蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，因(yin)為(wei)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)會造成(cheng)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池中的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液所含(han)的(de)水被電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解成(cheng)氫和氧而逸出，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液濃度增大，導(dao)致蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽(shou)命縮短，甚至損(sun)壞(huai)。